7 Chapters to Love You More
Chapters 2.5
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The Fijar War was a battle between the Quraish and their allies from the Banu Kinanah against the Qays.
In this battle, Harb ibn Umayyah was elected commander of the war in charge of Quraysh and Kinanah.
The Battle of Fijar took place in Nakhlah, between the cities of Mecca and Thaif, and lasted for four years.
The Prophet Muhammad ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ) was known to have been involved in this war, especially in the last Fijar War.
The background of the Fijar War is still debated, but it is thought to be due to competition for control of trade routes in Najd, Saudi Arabia.
The Quraysh dominated the route and funded the armaments of their allies.
The parties involved even had to kill each other, until finally the Fijar War erupted.
This battle is called the War of Fijar (fijar means durhaka) because of the origin of the violation of sacred laws.
The reason is, this war takes place in the holy months, when the tribes should not be allowed to fight.
Actually, the Fijar War that occurred was more in the form of small clashes, not a big war.
The main factor that makes this battle so famous is because it occurs in the months forbidden to fight. The Fijar War lasted four years, but it did not continue.
This war can be divided into four stages,
the first war (Fijar ar-Rajul), between the Bani Kinanah and the Bani Qais Ailan
the Second War (Fijar al-Qard), between the Bani Quraysh and the Bani Kinanah
the third war (Fijar al-Mar'ah), between the Bani Kinanah and the Bani Nadhar ibn Muawiyah The fourth war (Fijar al-Baradh), between the Bani Quraysh and the Bani Kinanah confronting the Bani Qais Alan.
the Battle of Fijar al-Baradh was the last and most devastating of all. At that time, al-Baradh bin Qais brought the trade caravan of an-Nu'man bin Al-Munzir, giving his control to Urwah bin Utbah ar-Rihal, to Mecca.
As for the Quraysh led by Harb ibn Umayyah, his position was in the middle of the army. They then fought with Nakhlah forces until entering the Haram area during the night down. Subsequently, the Quraysh and the Banu Kinanah faced off against the Hawazins in the Shamthah.
In the morning war, the Qays defeated the Quraysh, Kinanah, and their allies. However, in the afternoon conditions turned around, and the battle was quite fierce was won by the Quraysh.
At that time the Prophet Muhammad ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 15 years and at the end of the battle his age had entered 20 years. The role of the Prophet Muhammad ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ at the Battle of Fijar was to collect arrows for his uncle on the side of the Quraysh, to be thrown back at the enemy.
In its development, the Prophet ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ shot arrows at the enemy. This battle was the first experience of war that the Prophet Muhammad fought.
The influence of this war was the holding of Hilful-Fudhul in the month of Dzulqaydah (One of the holy months in Islam), which involved several tribes of Quraysh, namely Bani Hashim, Bani Al-Mutthalib, Asad bin Abdul Uzzah, among others, Zuhrah bin Kilab and Ataimi bin Murrah.
They gathered at the house of Abdullah bin Jud'an At-Taimi because of his age and honorable position.
None of Makkah's residents and others were allowed to be persecuted. Whoever is persecuted, they agree to stand by his side. As for those who do wrong, this injustice must be avenged.
This agreement was also attended by the Prophet.
Some say that the event behind the Hilful-fudhul agreement was a merchant from Yemen who came from the tribe of Zabid to the city of Mecca carrying merchandise. Then there was a man from the tribe of Quraysh who bought things from him. This man is famous for his cruelty, crime and tyranny. It is Al ‘Ash bin Wa’il As Sahmi, who is the father of the companions of the Prophet Amr bin Al ‘Ash and Hisham bin Al ‘Ash radhiallahu’anhuma. When Al ‘Ash got the goods and it was put in place, he did not want to pay to the merchant.
The merchant sought help from the inhabitants and the ruler of Quraysh to help him but his efforts were in vain. After despair, he went to the middle of the Grand Mosque beside the Ka’bah and then sang:
ياآل فهر لمظلوم بضاعتـه.. ببطن مكة نائي الدار والنفر
ومحرم أشعث لم يقض عمرته .. يا للرجال وبين الحِجر والحَجر
البيت هذا لمن تمت مروءته .. وليس للفاجر المأفـون والغدر
O descendant of Fihr! Help the one whose trade is shalimi
In the middle of Mecca, while he was away from home and relatives
In the condition of berihram, hair tangles, and has not completed the umrahnya
O you princes between two stones (the Dawn of Ishmael and the Hajar of Aswad)
Verily, this Temple is only worthy of a perfect man of honor
Not for the wicked and the treacherous
Rise one of the leaders of Bani Abdil Mutallib came, his name is Az Zubair. He said to the merchant “I fulfilled your call by bringing a solution. This tyranny cannot be held back anymore and cannot be left alone anymore." Then Az Zubair hurried when he also went to the house of one of the princes of Quraysh named Abdullah bin Jud’an, which is still related to Abu Bakr Ash Shiddiq. Abdullah bin Jud’an is known for his glory and generosity. Abdullah bin Jud’an was willing to rise and act. He also called the people of Quraysh and its surroundings: “As for the leaders of Mecca, come to my house, we make a covenant that can help the wronged and stop the deeds of the zhalim”.
This call was adopted by many people including the leaders of Bani Hisham, Bani Abdil Mutallib, Bani Asad, Bani Zahrah, Bani Tamim. Also attended by the Prophet ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ was not sent to be Prophet and Apostle but He ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Al Amin has a reputation.
He ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ He once said:
لَقَدْ شَهِدْتُ فِي دَارِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ حِلْفًا مَا أُحِبُّ أَنَّ لِيَ بِهِ حُمْرَ النَّعَمِ ، وَلَوْ أُدْعَى بِهِ فِي الإِسْلامِ لأَجَبْتُ
“I attended an agreement at the home of Abdullah bin Jud’an. Nothing exceeds my love for red camels except this covenant. If I were invited to agree to this agreement in Islamic times, I would go to him” (HR. Al Baihaqi in Sunan Al Kubra no 12110, proposed by Al Albani in the Lineage of Ash Shahihah no.1900)
Then they made a covenant whose content is 'In Mecca no one should be persecuted either the inhabitants of Mecca themselves or the immigrants unless they will certainly be helped and return their rights from those who wronged them. Then the Quraysh named the covenant Hilful Fudhul, because it was agreed upon by the afadhils (those who have virtue)'.
At that time, the people who agreed to the agreement went to the house of Al ‘Ash and asked him to fulfill the rights of the merchant from Yemen. Since then the people who are in Mecca are guaranteed security by the inhabitants of Mecca of all forms of injustice.
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