The Mythological Creature
Batara Guru's
Bathara Guru is a God who ruled the three worlds, namely Mayapada (the world of the gods or heaven), Madyapada (the world of humans or earth), Arcapada (the underworld or hell). Its name is derived from the Sanskrit Bhattara language which means "honored master" and Guru, epithet of Wrehaspati (Brhaspati), a Hindu God who lives and is identified with the planet Jupiter.[1]
「 Mythology Java 」
According to Javanese mythology, Bathara Guru is a God who ruled the three worlds, namely Mayapada (the world of the gods or heaven), Madyapada (the world of humans or earth), Arcapada (the underworld or hell). He is the embodiment of the god Shiva who governs revelation, gifts, and various sciences. Batara Guru has a sakti (wife) named Dewi Uma and Dewi Umaranti. Bathara Guru has several children. Wahana (vehicle animal) Batara Guru is the cow Nandini. He is also known by various names such as Sang Hyang Manikmaya, Sang Hyang Caturbuja, Sang Hyang Otipati, Sang Hyang Jagadnata, Nilakanta, Trinetra, and Girinata.
Birth Edits
Betara Guru (Manikmaya) was created from the glittering light of the Single One, along with the blackish-colored light that is the origin of Ismaya (Semar). By Hyang Tunggal, it was decided that Manikmaya was in power in Suryalaya, while Ismaya came down to earth to nurture the Pandavas.
Batara Guru has two brothers, Sang Hyang Maha Punggung and Sang Hyang Ismaya.[2][3][4] Their parents were Sang Hyang Tunggal and Dewi Rekatawati. One day, Dewi Rekatawati laid a shining egg. Sang Hyang Tunggal turns the egg, the skin becomes Sang Hyang Maha Punggung (Togog) the firstborn, the egg white becomes Sang Hyang Ismaya (Semar), and the yellow becomes Sang Hyang Manikmaya. Later in time, Sang Hyang Tunggal appointed his two older brothers to watch over mankind, especially the Pandavas, while Batara Guru (or Sang Hyang Manikmaya) led the gods in kahyangan.
When it was created, it felt most perfect and flawless. Hyang Tunggal knows the feelings of Manikmaya, then Hyang Tunggal says that Manikmaya will have a weak deformed in the legs, stripes on the neck, turning, and four arms. Batara Guru deeply regretted hearing the words of Hyang Tunggal, and his word actually happened.
One day Manikmaya felt very thirsty, and she found a well. When drinking the lake water—who did not know that the water is poisonous—lantas spewed back, then he got a disfigured stripe on the neck. He noticed that humans at birth were very weak in their legs. Instantly, his leg was hit by a plague, and the left leg of Manikmaya became weak. When he quarreled with his wife Dewi Uma, cursed Manikmaya by Dewi Uma, so that he turned out like a giant, then turned Manikmaya. When Manikmaya saw the man who was praying whose clothes covered his body, he laughed at Manikmaya because he thought he had four arms. Then immediately with four arms of Manikmaya. This is one of the efforts of de-Hinduization of wayang from Javanese culture that Walisongo made in his attempt to use wayang as a means of spreading Islam in Java. Another example is the mention of Drona to be Durna (nista), the story of Judithira must mention the phrase before entering heaven, and others.
⌞ Batak Mythology ⌟
Batara Guru is one of the Debata na Tolu (Trinity Gods) that rule the Banua Ginjang (the upper world, the abode of the gods). He and his brothers - Debata Sori Pada and Debata Mangala Bulan - were born from three eggs that were laid by a giant hen, Manuk Patiaraja, an avatar of Debata Asi Asi. He married a goddess named Siboru Porti Bulan and had two sons (Mula Songta and Mula Songti) as well as two daughters (Siboru Sorba Jati and Siboru Deak Parujar). Siboru Deak Parujar then married Siraja Odap Odap Odap and gave birth to descendants who became the ancestors of mankind living in Banua Tonga (the middle world, namely Earth).[5]
The almighty na Bolon gave Batara Guru wisdom, judicial law, royal law, knowledge, and the ability to control the destiny and fate of mankind. Its territory extends from Siunggas Hill to Parsambilan Hill, including the seven-story paradise where the sacred tree of Hari Ara grows. Batara Guru is depicted wearing a black robe as well as a large ship-shaped turban with three colors called "Talungkup". He rode a black horse and in his hand carried a scale called "Tarajuan Challenger". He has a black crow and a Teak Nanggar. He also has the ability to give life to mankind and open their ears so that they can distinguish good and evil words.(source: Mythology of Batak (Indonesian pages))
Based on the above sources, Batara Guru children are listed as follows (outside the law of Dalihan na Tolu):
Songta married Nan Bauraja, daughter of Debata Sori Pada and Siboru Malimbim
Mula Songti married Narudang Ulubegu, daughter of Debata Sori Pada and Siboru Malimbim
Siboru Sorba Jati married Naga Padoha, son of Debata Mangala Bulan and Siboru Anggarana
Siboru Deak Parujar married Siraja Odap Odap, son of Debata Mangala Bulan and Siboru Anggarana.
[Bugis Mythology]
According to Sureq Galigo, Batara Guru was a god, the son of Sang Patotoqe and Datu Mostaq, who was sent to earth to be raised as a human race. His divine name is La Togeq Langiq. He had at least ten children from his five concubines, but only one son from his beloved consort, We Nyiliq Timoq. He is the father of Batara Lattuq and grandfather of Sawerigading, the main character of the Bugis mythological story Sureq Galigo. He was also the father of Sangiang Serri, the goddess of rice and fertility in Bugis mythology.
List of children of Batara Guru (based on Sureq Galigo):
We Oddang Nriuq (aka Sangiang Serri), from the concubine We Saung Nriuq
La Pangoriseng from concubine We Leleq Ellung
La Temmalolo (twin brother of La Temmalureng) from concubine We Saung Nriuq
La Lumpongeng from the concubine of Buoyancy Talaga
La Pattaungeng from the concubine of Tenritalunruq
We Temmaraja from Apung Ritoja's concubine
La Tenriepeng from We Saung's concubine Nriuq
La Temmaukkeq from concubine We Leleq Ellung
La Sappe Ilek from the concubine of Floating Talaga
La Tenrioddang dario the concubine of Tenritalunruq
Batara Lattuq from We Nyiliq's consort Timoq.
- Descendants
Here is a sequence of Batara Guru children, starting from the oldest (according to Javanese wayang tradition):
1.Bhatara Cakra's
2.Sambu Batara
3.Batara Brahma
4.Indra Batara
5.Batara Bayu
6.Batara Vishnu
7.Batara Ganesha
8.Batara Kala's
9.Hanuman